Muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zviri kwose kwose. Zvisinei, matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza anowedzera anokonzerwa nemapurasitiki echinyakare akaita kuti vanhu vatsvage dzimwe nzira dzinochengetedza hupenyu. Apa ndipo panotanga kushandiswa bioplastics. Pakati pazvo, starch yechibage inoita basa rakakosha sechinhu chakajairika mu bioplastics. Saka, chii chaizvo chiri basa rechibage chegorosi mupurasitiki?
1. Chii chinonzi Bioplastics?
Mapurasitiki emhando yeBioplastics mapurasitiki akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve zvakaita sezvirimwa kana tupukanana. Kusiyana nemapurasitiki echinyakare, mapurasitiki emhando yeBioplastics anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve, zvichiita kuti pave nekukanganisika kushoma kwezvakatipoteredza. Sitachi yechibage, pakati pazvo, inowanzo shandiswa sechimwe chezvinhu zvikuru mupurasitiki yemhando yeBioplastics.
2. Basa reStarch yechibage muBioplastics
Sitachi yechibage inonyanya kuita mabasa matatu makuru:
Cornstarch ine basa guru mukusimudzira, kudzikamisa uye kuvandudza hunhu hwekugadzirisa mu bioplastics. Ipolymer inogona kusanganiswa nemamwe ma polymers anoora kana ma plasticizers kuti igadzire maumbirwo akasimba. Nekuwedzera zvimwe zvinodiwa mu corn starch, kuomarara, kuchinjika uye mwero wekuora kwe bioplastics zvinogona kugadziriswa, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kushandiswa mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana.
Kuvandudza Simba reMichina: Kubatanidzwa kwestarch yechibage kunogona kuwedzera kusimba uye simba rekusunga kwepurasitiki, zvichiita kuti igare kwenguva refu.
Kuvandudza Mashandiro Ekugadzira: Kuvapo kwestarch yechibage kunoita kuti bioplastics ikwanise kunyungudika panguva yekugadzirisa, zvichiita kuti zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvive nyore kugadzira.
Pamusoro pezvo, starch yechibage inogona kuora zvakanyanya. Kana mamiriro ekunze akakodzera, tupukanana tunogona kuputsa starch yechibage kuita makemikari ari nyore, zvichizopedzisira zvaita kuti iparare zvachose. Izvi zvinoita kuti bioplastics idzokororwezve mushure mekushandiswa, zvichideredza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.
Zvisinei, starch yechibage inewo mamwe matambudziko. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakakwira kana hunyoro hwakawanda, mapurasitiki emhando yebioplastics anogona kurasikirwa nekugadzikana, zvichikanganisa hupenyu hwawo uye mashandiro awo. Kuti vagadzirise dambudziko iri, masayendisiti ari kushanda pakutsvaga zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva kana kuvandudza maitiro ekugadzira kuti awedzere kudzivirira kupisa uye kudzivirira hunyoro hwemapurasitiki emhando yebioplastics.
3. Kushandiswa kweStarch yechibage muSpecial Bioplastics
Kushandiswa kwestarch yechibage muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zve bioplastics kunosiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa uye kushandiswa kwaunoda kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira. Heano mimwe mienzaniso mishoma:
Polylactic Acid (PLA): PLA ipurasitiki yemuviri inowanzo torwa kubva mustachi yechibage. Stachi yechibage inoshanda senzvimbo yekudyara kugadzirwa kwelactic acid, iyo inozogadziriswa polymer kuti igadzire PLA. PLA inosimbiswa nestachi yechibage inoratidza hunhu hwakavandudzwa hwemakanika, senge simba rekusunga uye kuramba kukanganiswa. Uyezve, kuwedzerwa kwestachi yechibage kunogona kuwedzera kuora kwePLA, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa uko kunetseka kwezvakatipoteredza kuri kukuru, sengemidziyo yekugezera inoraswa, kurongedza chikafu, uye mafirimu ekurima emulch.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): PHA imwe mhando yebioplastic inogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa starch yechibage senzvimbo yekabhoni. Starch yechibage inoviriswa netupukanana kuti igadzire polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), inova mhando yePHA. MaPHA anosimbiswa nestarch yechibage anowanzova nekugadzikana kuri nani kwekupisa uye hunhu hwemakanika. Mabioplastic aya anoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kurongedza, zvishandiso zvekurapa, uye kurima.
Mapurasitiki Anobva kuStarch: Mune zvimwe zviitiko, starch yechibage inogadziriswa zvakananga kuita mapurasitiki pasina chikonzero chekuwedzera polymerization. Mapurasitiki akavakirwa kuStarch anowanzo kuve nemusanganiswa westarch yechibage, mapurasitiki, uye zvinowedzerwa kuti zvivandudze kugona kwayo kushandiswa uye hunhu hwekupedzisira. Mapurasitiki aya anoshandiswa muzvishandiso zvakaita semabhegi anoraswa, midziyo yechikafu, uye midziyo yekudyira inoraswa.
Kusanganisa Nemamwe MaPolymer Anoora: Starch yechibage inogonawo kusanganiswa nemamwe mapolymer anoora, akadai sepolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), kana polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), kugadzira bioplastics ine hunhu hwakagadzirwa. Misanganiswa iyi inopa kuenzana kwesimba remakanika, kuchinjika, uye kuora, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana kubva pakurongedza kusvika pakurima.
4. Mhedziso
Basa restachi yechibage muzvinhu zvipenyu rinopfuura kusimudzira mashandiro; rinobatsirawo kuderedza kuvimba nemapurasitiki echinyakare anoshandiswa mumafuta, zvichitungamira mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda. Nekufambira mberi mune tekinoroji, tinotarisira kuona zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvebioplastic zvichibva pazvinhu zvinogona kushandiswazve senge stachi yechibage.
Muchidimbu, starch yechibage inoita basa rakawanda mu bioplastics, kwete kungovandudza kugadzikana kwemagadzirirwo emapurasitiki asiwo kukurudzira kuora kwawo, nokudaro zvichideredza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye hunyanzvi, bioplastics yakagadzirira kutamba basa rakakura mukuunza mabhenefiti akawanda kune nharaunda yePasi redu.
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